Aim: The "2024 Guideline for the Primary Prevention of Stroke" replaces the 2014 "Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke." This updated guideline is intended to be a resource for clinicians to use to guide various prevention strategies for individuals with no history of stroke.

Methods: A comprehensive search for literature published since the 2014 guideline; derived from research involving human participants published in English; and indexed in MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and other selected and relevant databases was conducted between May and November 2023. Other documents on related subject matter previously published by the American Heart Association were also reviewed.

Structure: Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes lead to significant disability but, most important, are preventable. The 2024 primary prevention of stroke guideline provides recommendations based on current evidence for strategies to prevent stroke throughout the life span. These recommendations align with the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 for optimizing cardiovascular and brain health, in addition to preventing incident stroke. We also have added sex-specific recommendations for screening and prevention of stroke, which are new compared with the 2014 guideline. Many recommendations for similar risk factor prevention were updated, new topics were reviewed, and recommendations were created when supported by sufficient-quality published data.

目的：以《2024年脑卒中一级预防指南》取代2014年《脑卒中一级预防指南》。这份更新的指南旨在为临床医生提供一种资源，用于指导没有中风史的个体的各种预防策略。

方法：综合检索2014年指南以来发表的文献；来源于用英语发表的涉及人类参与者的研究；并于2023年5月至11月在MEDLINE、PubMed、Cochrane Library等选定的相关数据库中检索。对美国心脏协会先前发表的其他相关主题的文件也进行了审查。

结构：缺血性和出血性中风会导致严重的残疾，但最重要的是，这是可以预防的。2024年卒中一级预防指南根据目前的证据提供了在整个生命周期内预防卒中的策略建议。这些建议与美国心脏协会的《优化心血管和大脑健康的生活必需品》（Life’s Essential 8）一致，此外还能预防意外中风。与2014年指南相比，我们还增加了针对不同性别的卒中筛查和预防建议。更新了许多类似风险因素预防的建议，审查了新主题，并在有足够质量的已发表数据支持的情况下提出了建议。